How does an electric car dissipate heat
Electric vehicles generate heat during operation, and the heat needs to be dissipated by means of heat dissipation to ensure the normal operation and safety of electric vehicles.
So how do electric cars dissipate heat?
The following will be detailed from the principle of electric vehicle heat dissipation, heat dissipation, heat dissipation effect and other aspects.
The heat dissipation principle of electric vehicles is roughly divided into two types: air-cooled and liquid-cooled.
1, air cooling: This heat dissipation method is mainly by transferring the heat generated inside the electric vehicle to the external air, and the heat is emitted after contact with the air to achieve the purpose of heat dissipation.
The heat dissipation of the air is mainly achieved through the fan, the fan will introduce air into the radiator, and then through natural or forced convection, the heat will be smoothly dispersed out of the machine inside the electric vehicle.
The advantages of this heat dissipation method are: simple and easy, low cost, warm maintenance, etc.;
The disadvantage is that the heat dissipation effect is not satisfactory, and the temperature of the turbocharged engine rises quickly and cools slowly.
2, liquid-cooled: the liquid-cooled heat dissipation of electric vehicles, similar to traditional cars, mainly through the circulation of the coolant to bring out a large amount of heat generated inside, in order to achieve the purpose of heat dissipation and temperature control.
The liquid-cooled type is mainly to achieve several steps: (1) the heat sink transfers the heat generated by the internal liquid to the heat sink.
(2) The heat dissipation liquid is driven by the water pump to flow through the engine and the radiator to complete the cooling.
(3) The coolant flows back to the radiator and transfers heat again, forming a cycle.
The advantage of liquid cooling is that the heat dissipation effect is more significant, and the heat can be transferred more quickly;
The disadvantage is that the cost is higher, and the maintenance of the liquid cooling system is also more difficult.
In addition to the above two heat dissipation methods, the heat dissipation of electric vehicles has the following ways :1, air partition type: it is one of the common ways of heat dissipation of electric vehicles, through different materials to absorb and radiate heat, to heat dissipation, the main idea is to separate the heat and air inside electric vehicles to achieve the effect of reducing temperature.
2, hydraulic: This heat dissipation method is mainly used in large electric vehicles, through transparent high temperature oil and low temperature oil, the formation of a certain distance of the pipeline to achieve the purpose of heat dissipation.
3, superconductive: This heat dissipation method is usually used in high-tech electric vehicles, through the use of special materials to reduce the heat dissipation area, so as to achieve the purpose of improving the heat dissipation effect.
In general, the heat dissipation effect of electric vehicles is very good, compared with traditional fuel vehicles, the heat generated is less, so the heat dissipation scheme is relatively simple, and the heat dissipation effect will be relatively better.
However, due to the higher safety requirements of electric vehicles, the safeguards of the heat dissipation system are also quite important, especially when the heat dissipation volume is small, the internal radiator and the external grille should be perfectly integrated, so as to avoid some accidents.
At the same time, in the further development of the electric vehicle industry, more perfect heat dissipation technology will be developed, which is an important measure to improve vehicle performance and promote technological development.