Condenseris a component of the refrigeration system and is a type of heat exchanger. It can convert gas or vapor into liquid and transfer the heat in the tube to the air near the tube very quickly. The working process of the condenser is a heat release process, so the condenser temperature is relatively high.
Power plants use many condensers to condense the steam exhausted from the turbines. Condensers are used in refrigeration plants to condense refrigeration vapors such as ammonia and Freon. Condensers are used in the petrochemical industry to condense hydrocarbons and other chemical vapors. In the distillation process, the device that converts vapor into liquid is also called a condenser. All condensers operate by removing heat from gases or vapors.
The mechanical part of the refrigeration system is a type of heat exchanger, which can convert gas or steam into liquid, and transfer the heat in the tube to the air near the tube very quickly. The working process of the condenser is a heat release process, so the condenser temperature is relatively high. Power plants use many condensers to condense the steam exhausted from the turbines. Condensers are used in refrigeration plants to condense refrigeration vapors such as ammonia and Freon. Condensers are used in the petrochemical industry to condense hydrocarbons and other chemical vapors. In the distillation process, the device that converts vapor into liquid is also called a condenser. All condensers operate by removing heat from gases or vapors.
principle
The gas is passed through a long tube (usually coiled into a solenoid), allowing heat to be lost to the surrounding air. Metals such as copper, which have strong thermal conductivity, are often used to transport vapor. In order to improve the efficiency of the condenser, heat sinks with excellent heat conduction properties are often added to the pipes to increase the heat dissipation area to accelerate heat dissipation, and use fans to speed up air convection to take away the heat.
In the circulation system of the refrigerator, the compressor inhales low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant vapor from the evaporator, adiabatically compresses it into high-temperature and high-pressure superheated steam, and then presses it into the condenser for constant-pressure cooling, and releases heat to the cooling medium. It is then cooled into subcooled liquid refrigerant. The liquid refrigerant is adiabatically throttled by the expansion valve and becomes a low-pressure liquid refrigerant. It evaporates in the evaporator and absorbs the heat in the air-conditioning circulating water (air), thereby cooling the air-conditioning circulating water to achieve the purpose of refrigeration. The low-pressure refrigerant flowing out is sucked into the compressor. , so the cycle works.
The single-stage vapor compression refrigeration system is composed of four basic components: a refrigeration compressor, a condenser, a throttle valve and an evaporator. They are connected in sequence by pipes to form a closed system in which the refrigerant continuously circulates. Flow, state changes occur, and heat is exchanged with the outside world.
composition
In the refrigeration system, the evaporator, condenser, compressor and throttle valve are the four essential parts of the refrigeration system. Among them, the evaporator is the equipment that transports cold energy. The refrigerant absorbs heat from the object being cooled to achieve refrigeration. The compressor is the heart and plays the role of sucking, compressing, and transporting refrigerant vapor. The condenser is a device that releases heat. It transfers the heat absorbed in the evaporator together with the heat converted by the compressor work to the cooling medium. The throttle valve throttles and reduces the pressure of the refrigerant, and at the same time controls and regulates the amount of refrigerant liquid flowing into the evaporator, and divides the system into two parts, the high-pressure side and the low-pressure side. In actual refrigeration systems, in addition to the above four major components, there are often some auxiliary equipment, such as solenoid valves, distributors, dryers, collectors, fusible plugs, pressure controllers and other components, which are used to improve operation. Economical, reliable and safe.
Air conditioners can be divided into water-cooled and air-cooled types according to the condensation form. According to the purpose of use, they can be divided into two types: single-cooling type and refrigeration and heating type. No matter which type it is composed of, it is composed of the following main components. made.
The necessity of the condenser is based on the second law of thermodynamics - According to the second law of thermodynamics, the spontaneous flow direction of heat energy inside a closed system is one-way, that is, it can only flow from high heat to low heat. In the microscopic world, microscopic particles carrying thermal energy can only From order to disorder. Therefore, when a heat engine has energy input to do work, there must also be energy released downstream, so that there will be a thermal energy gap between the upstream and downstream, the flow of thermal energy will be possible, and the cycle will continue.
Therefore, if you want the load to do work again, you must first release the heat energy that has not been completely released. At this time, you need to use a condenser. If the surrounding heat energy is higher than the temperature in the condenser, artificial work must be done in order to cool the condenser (generally using a compressor). The condensed fluid returns to a state of high order and low thermal energy, and can do work again.
The selection of the condenser includes the selection of the form and model, and determining the flow rate and resistance of the cooling water or air flowing through the condenser. The selection of condenser type should consider the local water source, water temperature, climate conditions, as well as the total cooling capacity of the refrigeration system and the layout requirements of the refrigeration machine room. On the premise of determining the condenser type, calculate the heat transfer area of the condenser based on the condensation load and the heat load per unit area of the condenser to select a specific condenser model.